Each year, agencies and research firms publish the rankings of the world’s most valuable brands. More than an ego boost for the listed brands’ marketers, these valuations are important intangible assets, and they become especially pertinent during M&A activity. In fact, a study from Houlihan Lokey showed that among its sample, 70 percent of an acquisition’s purchase premium was attributed to intangibles or goodwill. Although valuation methodologies differ among organizations, a key criteria for most is brand awareness. Read on for a discussion of this brand metric: what it is and how to build it.
Brand awareness: what is it? For the answer, we turn to David Aaker, a well-known expert on branding. In his book Building Strong Brands, Aaker lists brand awareness as one pillar of brand equity. Its other pillars are brand loyalty, perceived quality, and brand associations. More specifically, however, Aaker describes brand awareness as a measure of “both the knowledge and the salience of the brand in the customer’s mind.” In other words, if a company enjoys high brand awareness, it means a large portion of its target audience recognizes its name and has a good idea of what it stands for and what it offers. A brand may not always benefit from its brand awareness, however. When public beliefs about a brand’s purpose, products, or services are negative, brand awareness may be more of a hindrance than a help.
Aaker points out that how we conceive of brand awareness shouldn’t be tied exclusively to brand names; visuals are equally important when customers try to recall a brand. Studies have shown that three days after we hear information for the first time, we’ll remember about 10 percent of it. However, when we’re shown a picture along with the words, retention goes up to 65 percent. Both visual and verbal cues play a critical role in summoning memories.
Carving out a space for a brand in the minds of B2B buyers starts with the fundamentals.
1. Brand naming for brand awareness
Most B2B brand marketers don’t get to choose their brand’s name. However, those who do have a powerful opportunity to position a company for market “stickiness.” Becoming one of an industry’s most-recognized brands takes far more than a catchy name, but when a name deftly balances differentiation with brand messages, it contributes to a clear and positive association in a potential client’s mind. We’ve written extensively about brand naming best practices, but here are a few elements to keep in mind when you’re naming or renaming:
While these tips may help develop a name that builds brand awareness, it’s important not to rush into a renaming project rashly. A legacy name that carries even a moderate amount of brand awareness is still a tremendous asset when potential customers are creating vendor shortlists. For more about when a name change is appropriate, check out our article “Should You Change Your Company Name During a Rebrand?”
2. Visual design for brand awareness
Because visual cues increase the ability to recall information, a company needs a consistent and distinctive design language. Logo lockups go a long way in this department, but they shouldn’t be introduced in a vacuum. Whenever possible, visual communications should share common design elements: color palettes, icons, typography, etc. To illustrate the difference between a distinctive visual identity — one that helps build brand awareness — and a less effective one, let’s compare those of Wells Fargo and U.S. Bank.
A visual audit of major American banks produces a sea of red, white, and blue, including two of the top five largest banks (Bank of America and Citibank). With so many financial institutions embracing the same palette, it’s hard for any of them to stand out visually. One such bank is U.S. Bank (ranked #7), which has less than a quarter of the assets of the red, white, and blue banks previously listed. While Bank of America and Citi have the national presence and legacy brand awareness to pull off an undifferentiated visual system, the regional U.S. Bank is missing an opportunity to assert a unique place in the consumer mind. Look at the ads below: if logos were omitted, would you be able to immediately tell whose was whose?
Wells Fargo’s logo and other design elements, on the other hand, are unique and iconic. Its combination of red and gold (no blue!) is not used by any other of the top 20 largest banks, and its stagecoach graphic is instantly recognizable and a reminder of its pioneer heritage. Many of us would be able to identify the bank from its stagecoach alone. Wells Fargo’s visuals have helped it achieve high brand awareness (something it may have bemoaned in the wake of its 2016 account fraud scandal).
On a practical note: for an icon to be instantly recognizable as belonging to a certain brand, it needs to be recognizable in general. When designing a visual system, it’s important to consider a mark’s reproducibility. Logos and colors should be clear when large and small, when on-screen and off, printed on paper or a T-shirt. These concerns have become more pressing in the mobile age: visuals must work as small app icons, so brands need responsive logos that can be scaled up or down as needed depending on medium and available space.
3. Taglines for brand awareness
B2B taglines are less popular than they once were, but when they are used thoughtfully, they are a concise expression of a brand, and an effective way to quickly communicate its unique value proposition. Thus, combining a good tagline with a brand’s other memory cues — name, logo, imagery — can add to customer recognition. Some past B2B examples include:
These taglines became widely known not only because of their respective organizations’ large marketing budgets, but also because they are imbued with meaning. This stands out in the B2B universe, where too often taglines sound like they came from a generic slogan generator. In just a few words, these taglines express their companies’ differentiation. For example, Accenture’s emphasizes its executional capabilities and Cisco’s emphasizes its ability to connect people. By linking their taglines with their brand name in audiences’ minds, these companies enhance brand awareness to include not just simple recognition, but also increased understanding of the brand’s unique strengths.
When it comes to marketing for brand awareness, socialization is the name of the game. Prospective customers should see the company’s name and content frequently and in the right places, so that they come to recognize it as an established — and likeable — player in its field. “Likeability” is key; as we’ve seen, brand awareness can be a burden when it’s paired with widespread negative sentiment. To project an appealing personality, turn to more “human” mediums: social media, events, content marketing. These link corporate ethos to company name, helping a brand communicate as if it were a person, not a faceless entity.
Online sociability is an invaluable tool. Not only does it provide free exposure, it also carries with it the sharer’s implicit recommendation of the company. In fact, as far back as 2011, public relations firm Weber Shandwick and Forbes estimated that 50 percent of a brand’s reputation came from online sociability. Every marketer’s dream is that their company content goes viral, bringing with it a surge in positive brand awareness. Virality may be difficult to achieve, but you can certainly get closer to it by making social media posts and content marketing easy to share. On social media platforms such as LinkedIn or Twitter, consider posts that are visually appealing — think infographics, videos, or featured quotes. On your own site, make sure that you include social sharing links in all content marketing.
Targeting is vital to the success of any content marketing initiative. To make sure you are raising brand awareness among the right audiences, define those audiences as precisely as possible. Tailoring strategies for a smaller audience pays off by delivering more valuable engagement. While you may think that trying to appeal to every financial advisor (or lawyer or CIO), will result in more clicks, it will probably just mean a piece will get lost in a sea of content. Narrow down the desired audience to identify more ownable SEO keywords, create more relevant content, and place pieces where they are most likely to be seen and appreciated.
Brand awareness is one of the easiest and most inexpensive brand equity metrics to capture. At its simplest, it requires little more than a well-designed survey and an online panel of your target audience (vetted by a reputable research partner). David Aaker lists several ways brand awareness can be measured, including:
While tracking brand awareness is ideally an ongoing activity, it is especially important to measure it before and after a brand marketing campaign in order to assess its successes and challenges.
Brand awareness is an integral part of brand equity. It’s simple: how can a brand be admired if it isn’t known? However, brand awareness is only a gift if it is bestowed with positive sentiment. This is why we see well-known companies rename after a scandal. Think of Altria (Philip Morris), Accenture (Arthur Andersen), or Spectrum (Time Warner Cable). To avoid such a costly switch, brand marketing must tackle more than simple recognition. It also must work to build deeper equity. Through a purpose-driven brand, approachable design, and content marketing that is human and targeted, a company can build brand awareness that burnishes assets and enhances value.
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